Causative agent
- Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae


Differential diagnosis
- Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine
- Pasteurellosis
- Swine influenza
- Toxoplasmosis
- Metastrongylosis
- Haemophilus parasuis infection
- Streptococcosis


1. History taking
- Attack predominantly growing pigs from 2 to 6
  months of age
- Over crowding, inadequate ventilation
- Close contact and new coming of pig of various
  age groups
- Predisposing by marked change in ambient
  temperature


2. Clinical examination
- Sudden death, peracute progress of disease in a
  few hours to 2 days
- Fever up to 41°C
- Moist coughing, and dyspnea frequently blood
  stained frothy discharge from the nose and mouth


3. Necropsy
- Adhesion with fibrinous, hemorrhage and hydroma
  in pleura
- Lungs dark, solid and well circumscribed
  pneumonia
- Blood-tinged fluid in thoracic cavity
- Foamy, blood-tinged and mucous exudate in
  trachea and bronchi

4. Histopathological observation
- Necrotizing fibrinohemorrhagic pneumonia with
  fibrinous pleuritis
- Thrombus or emboli in capillaries and vein vessels


5. Bacterial isolation
Specimen : visceral organs
Medium    : blood agar
- Culture : incubate the agar at 37°C for 24 hr, under
  5-10% CO₂ atmosphere
- Gram negative, coccobacilli to pleomorphic rod with
  occasional filamentus forms
- Hemolysis transparent satellite colony grow around
  the Staphylococcus inoculated line