Causative agent
- Plasmodium gallinaceum


Differential diagnosis
- Leucocytozoonosis
- Newcastle disease


1. History taking
- Severe in adult broilers especially 35 days up
  and mortality rate 22-40%
- In layers : sudden decrease in egg production
  and death
- Die at night time rather than day time
- Transmitted by mosquitoes
- Outbreak during rainy season


2. Clinical examination
- Severe anemia , especially faced and crest
- High body temperature
- Weak and drooping
- Excretion of green droppings
- Chill, sometimes convulsion, vomit and dead


3. Microscopic examination
- Blood smear and Giemsa staining
- Detection of trophozoites or schizonts or
  gametocytes in red blood cells

4. Necropsy
- Enlarged and pigmented (chocolate to
  black)liver and spleen
- Subcutaneous hemorrhage


5. Tissue smear
- Giemsa staining of liver or spleen smear
- Detection of schizonts in reticuloendothelial
  cells


6. Histopathological observation
- Detection of schizonts by blockage of smaller
  vessels in organs


Control and treatment
- Chemotherapy with Chloroquine phosphate in
  broilers or doxycyline in layers and supportive
  with liquid protein (amino acid)
- Mosquito control by
1. good sanitation around the farm, grass cutting,
    as short as possible
2. using light traps at night time
3. using mosquito net at night time