Causative agent
- Rabies virus, family Rhabdoviridae
Differential diagnosis
- Cattle : insecticide poisoning,
hypomagnesemia and acetonemia, CNS
infection (Listeriosis) and trauma, FMD, estral
activity, avitaminosis A
- Horse : colic, tetanus and nymphomania
(mare)
- Pig :- AD, SF, ASF, Glasser's disease, E. coli
speticemia, Hemophilus spp.
1. History taking
- Major zoonotic and highly fatal disease of
man, mammals (mortality rate close to 100%)
2. Clinical examination
- Prodomal : change in behavior (stop eating
and drinking, isolation, frequent urination,
sexual desire)
- Excitative (furious form) : alert, nervous,
aggressive, pupils dilatation, biting other
animals or people, swallow foreign objects
- Paralytic (dumb form) : paralysis of throat and
mouth, profused salivation, inability to
swallow, unvicious and rarely attempt to bite,
paralysis, coma and death
3. Necropsy
- No gross pathognomonic PM lesion
|
4. Histopathological observation
- Non-purulent polioencephalomyelitis with
perivascular lymphatic infiltration
- Neuron degeneration and necrosis with glial
proliferation
- Acidophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
(Negri bodies) in infected neuron
5. Antigen detection
Specimen : brain impression smears of
Hippocampus (Ammon's horn),
cerebellum, medulla and brain stem
Method : FA test and microscopical
examination of Negri bodies by
Seller's staining method or Mann's
method or H&E staining (observation
: acidophilic inclusion bodies)
6. Virus isolation
Specimen : Hippocampus
Method : lntracerebral inoculation of newborn
or weaned mice and observe clinical
signs or death in 21-30 days
7. Virus identification
- Fluorescent Antibody Test (FAT)
- Mouse Inoculation Test (MIT)
Control and Treatment
- Isolation of suspected animals
- Reduction of contact rates among susceptible
dogs and other animals
- Mass immunization campaigns & public
education
- Stray dog control and dog registration
- Precautions of handling wildlife and stray
animals
|
